Only six families in the valley had frame homes while less than half of the barns and other outbuildings in 1798 were specifically identified as log structures, suggesting the earliest sawn lumber went to outbuildings.142, When John Comforts sawmill began operation at the bend of the river, it was clearly the largest in the region and made lumber readily available in the area. 195. Born 21 Mar 1763 in New Haven, Connecticut. Tryal Morse continued to live in a rude log cabin in the woods as her husband had local family, and Phebes husband worked in the sawmill across the river with some of the Hales. Several of the Hales neighbors made a living weaving, some producing skilled work, and the county encouraged carpet weavingoffering a prize at the annual fair for the best piece of carpeting, Cattle Show and Fair,Susquehanna County Herald,2, no. A family tradition suggests that Isaac Hale overheard his young daughter Emma praying for him in the woods near their home and that this contributed to his spiritual conversion. Isaac Hale was born on June 23, 1997 in United States (25 years old). But an examination of overall land values suggests a modest drop in value between 18601861 from $600 to $575 which may indicate the removal of a rear kitchen or other modest structure on the property. 134. 4 Emma Hale (1804-1879). Their marriage faced unusual challenges due to the hardships of founding and leading the Church. But in her sons eyes she managed to die a good Christian death as was expected at the time. Bucks neighbors later wrote of those foundations being evidence of the presence and work of civilized man in it [the valley] before any known settlement of it.107The foundation was grown up with trees and only became evident when the land was cleared and plowed.108 The site has never been examined by archaeologists to evaluate if any evidence remains of what the men found. their object is not to emancipate the slave but they mean it as a hobby to overthrow the Democracy of the government.John Comfort, letter to Silas Comfort, Letter, February 23, 1838. 16. Jacob C. Ullery,Men of Vermont: An Illustrated Biographical History of Vermonters and Sons of Vermont(Brattleboro, Vt.: Transcript Publishing Company, 1894), 5354; John E. Goodrich, ed.,The State of Vermont: Rolls of the Soldiers in the Revolutionary War 1775 to 1783(Rutland, Vt.: The Tuttle Co., 1904), 20809. Blackman,History of Susquehanna County,103. 5 Member of Methodist church. He and others had already searched the spot with hired hands, but he was returning for another effort with a new workforce to help him find it, including Joseph Smith Sr. and nineteen-year-old Joseph Smith Jr. . He established another congregation about ten miles upriver from the Hales in South Bainbridge, New York, and found success in other valleys in the region. The surveyor had scarcely taken his hand from the tree, when the sharp crack of a rifle rang through the forest, and the spot where the hand had been laid was chipped by a leaden bullet, a hint that sufficed to stay all proceedings for the rest of that day.231 Despite local opposition, the surveyors finished measuring the Rose land so it could be sold, including a 90 acre segment for Isaac Hale. 37. Bidamon moved into the Mansion House[18] and became stepfather to Emma's children. Levi Fry settled in the low mountains on the northeastern border of Wells Township just east of the Lewis family. Some of those he had known for years were now leaving their community, and others were growing old along with him. Arah began to build a second, larger home until the dam to his mill gave out and destroyed his home and livelihood. Agreement with Isaac Hale, 6 April 1829, Page 1 Mrs. Arthur Webb argued the name meant crooked river, but she does not provide a source for her conclusions and writes too late to have worked through a native speaker, Mrs. Arthur Webb. The creek was named Lewis Creek and ran down from Turkey Hill through Jameson Hollow (now Bedbug Hollow) until it emptied into the Susquehanna River. isaac hale father of emma smith - theluxxorgroup.com As the family worked, Connecticut and Pennsylvania soon resolved their competing land claims, and on April 4, 1789, the state of Pennsylvania sold the Hale and Lewis farms to George Ruper as part of a large tract of land that included much of the valley.94b Pennsylvania separated the valley from Tioga Township in March 1791, and made the entire valley Willingborough Township, a part of Luzerne County.95 As Isaac and Elizabeth Hale settled in Willingborough Township, Ruper sold most of his land to Tench Francis, a merchant in Philadelphia, who became their new landlord. Salt Lake City: Hawkes Publishing, 1991. While the tax record did not indicate whose property David occupied, his store ledger notes his pigs did damage on Levi Westfalls property, and as the number of acres David paid taxes on went up or down, so also did the assessment on Westfall family property in an inverse relationship. There are a large number of headstones made by Coffin Man in the region, and Nancy Mess has identified him as J. W. Stewart of Coventryville, New York. Short Biographies of Joseph, Emma, and their family, http://mormonhistoricsites.org/subscribe-to-our-publications/, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=brendablack&id=I1806. Tax Assessement, December 31, 1823 for 1824 Season, Susquehanna County Courthouse, Montrose, Pennsylvania. [1]:12 They lived first with the Whitmers in Fayette, then with Newel K. Whitney and his family in Kirtland, Ohio, and then in a cabin on a farm owned by Isaac Morley. . By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. and visited at the house of Isaac Hale, Joe Smith's father-in-law, when she was seventeen years old. Governors, academic leaders, businessmen, country farmers, and poor day laborers were all equally interested in finding hidden wealth in late eighteenth-century America and were equally disappointed in their failure to find anything of value. [citation needed] Forty-eight were written by Latter Day Saints, and the remaining forty-two were not. A grandson recalled the family gathering around Isaacs bed on January 11, 1839, as he charged them, You must not believe in Jo Smith or any false doctrines, but believe in the Holy Bible. The Hale property is carefully drawn in the Rose survey maps and labeled with Isaac Hales name.232 While preparations to divide the Rose tract were underway, Isaac and his sons helped finish the Lewis familys new home in 1809 on poor farmland south of the Susquehanna River and just east of a small creek (now Bedbug Creek). John Comfort, letter to Silas Comfort, December 24, 1836, punctuation added for clarity. isaac hale father of emma smith isaac hale father of emma smith 221. 55. 4 Juli 2022 4 Juli 2022 iatse local 800 initiation fee pada isaac hale father of emma smith. They seem to have thought of it. After Nathaniel Lewis joined the Methodists, he preached at his house where he established a small class and became the class leader.77 His young son Nathaniel Jr. may have been his first convert. While drains were common and the Smiths likely had one as well, had Isaac followed the plans he received from Pickering on his own home, the kitchen could have had clean water coming in and out with ease. On his deathbed Isaac could not resist mentioning Joseph Smiths name, while Joseph wrote in his own history how his wifes father had acted under Divine providence in his defense.316. See Emily Blackman, Susquehanna County, 1090. The property boundary on the eastern line of the Lewis property and the western line of the Hale property cut through a Native American camp where a small band cooked food and made arrowheads. Emma Smith and the Pain of Polygamy | by Holly Hardy | Medium Despite the difficulties of poverty, displacement, and persecution, Emma and Joseph maintained a deep love for and bond with each other. . Isaac Hale Birth: 21 March 1763 Waterbury, New Haven County, Connecticut Death: 11 January 1839 Harmony, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania Father: Reuben Hale (1736-1788) Mother: Diantha Ward (1741-1771) Spouse / partner: Elizabeth Lewis (1767-1842) Wedding: 20 September 1790 Wells, Rutland County, Vermont Sex: Edit Facts She believed in direct answer to prayer, and spent much time at a throne of grace.III Score & X or Selections, Collections, Recollections of Seventy Busy Years(Harrisburg, Pa.: United Evangelical Publishing House, 1904), 30. Emma was baptized into the Church of Christ by Oliver Cowdery in Colesville, New York, on June28, 1830, shortly after the Church was organized. Anderson, Ancestry and Posterity of Joseph Smith, 302. The graveyard was already in use a decade before the McKune family moved into the valley. He was the only young man in the valley Emmas age that was not a stranger and yet also met all the education and business expectations of Isaac Hale. After the Lewis family had moved into their new home, they bought the property on March 14, 1810, where they had built the home and registered their deed that August.233 At the same time, Rose pushed for Isaac Hale to buy his land. Town of Hingham,History of the Town of Hingham, Massachusetts(Hingham, Mass: n.p., 1893), 160. agreed with Lucy Smiths account, arguing Joseph began courting while still at the Hale farm, stating a group of money diggers boarded at his [Isaacs] house [when]JS [Joseph Smith] began courting Hales daughter Emma. Michael Hubbard MacKay, Gerrit J. Dirkmaat, Grant Underwood, Robert J. Woodford, and William G. Hartley, eds.,The Joseph Smith Papers,Documents Volume 1: July 1828June 1831(Salt Lake City: Church Historians Press, 2013), 347. The Beers map has continued to influence some historians of Mormonism. Margaret McColum placed an advertisement in the paper in 1824 in response to her husbands previous advertisement claiming she had left his bed and board. Margaret quipped, ELIAS never had a bed; and as to eatables, he never furnished any except Beans & Jonny Cake without Salt; which cannot, with any propriety, be denominated board. Error Corrected,Susquehanna County Republican, June 29, 1824, 3, italics in original. : Herald Publishing House, 1929), 1:580, 711. Subject Files, Susquehanna County Historical Society. 145. 128. Lewis and family have, for two months, lived in the small house we built in 1801. . Some of the later tax assessment booklets include a printed version of the General Assembly act with a list of taxable items that matches the handwritten one cited here rather than the formally published one that became part of the legal code in later years. Adding to the Quary speculation, Morgan Miles, a sailor arrested and taken to London to be tried for piracy, announced his captain, a man named Stratton, had buried a cache of silver at the mouth of the Susquehanna River before returning to England.66 These stories spread and were embellished with each new telling until there was a general perception that most pirates buried treasure, a perception that worked its way into fictional narratives largely unchallenged for centuries despite the lack of evidence. after I went into the house I saw him troting through th apple tresI saw some people in the road and supposed he was hurrying to get up with themit was pretty near nightnumber of persons came into my house appeared much disturbed, much talk about the murder . 45. As with Zachariah Tarble, Hilborn had been captured by Indians, but his capture occurred in 1773 near Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, 85 miles south of the Susquehanna Valley, after which he was also sold into slavery in Canada. In that remote region, we cannot conceive the farming will ever be profitable, a friend wrote.147, Pickering was part of the American gentry and had little in common with the Hale family. Elizabeth Hale connected herself to the Methodists early and may have been the one Hiel Lewis had heard about, confusing the details, but Isaac remained distant.190, Frederic Stier and Timothy Lee first arrived in the Susquehanna Valley in 1805 and found most of their success there in 1806.191 When Stier and Lee brought Methodism it resulted in a general revival of religion which swept along that portion of the Susquehanna Valley as the popular movement replaced Bucks Congregationalism.192 Lee did not list any Hales among his converts, but missing names in the records was not unusual as most individuals caught up in local revivals were not numbered among the short list of convertsparticularly if they were already baptized.193. 254. . Two months after the Pickering death Asbury stopped in the dark at Taylors Tavern a half mile west of the Hale home on Emma Hales third birthday, July 10, 1807. In 1777 fifty-nine-year-old grandfather Ward was killed at Addision, Vermont, while fighting against General Burgoyne and a large Native American force that had mostly come from the Susquehanna Valley in northern Pennsylvania after 1,200 American soldiers burned their villages and massacred their families.22 In 1780, when Hale was seventeen, he enlisted, along with his uncle David, to fight under Colonel Ebenezer Allens command as they sought to prevent Canadian military raids into the Mohawk Valley. Larison,Sylvia Dubois, 57. . But in her draft history she also suggests Isaac Hale was briefly involved in treasure digging activities as well. While Isaac Hale may have been the wealthiest Methodist, Hilborn had significantly more land and made more money selling land to many of the valleys settlers than was possible in Isaacs meat marketing business. While Hale and Lewis worked on the Pickering property, they associated with Colonel Pickerings son, Tim Pickering. Augustus B. Easton, ed.,History of the Saint Croix Valley(Chicago: H. C. Cooper Jr. & Co., 1909), 2:1115; Commonwealth vs. Jason Treadwell, Susquehanna County Court of Oyer and Terminer, August 1824, Susquehanna County Courthouse, Montrose, Pennsylvania; Staker and Jensen, David Hales Store Ledger: New Details about Joseph and Emma Smith, the Hale Family, and the Book of Mormon; Byron Hale, Reuben Hales Obituary, March 21, 1887; John Travis to Jesse and Isaac W. Hale Deed, April 30, 1827, Susquehanna County Deed Books, 6:255. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Although he did not purchase his own land, by the end of that year he was taxed for 54 acres without cattle or taxable houses. Joseph had come southwest from New York seeking employment in the Susquehanna Valley. 205. Welds group found poor families in the valley with empty pantries and few who could spare them even a little food.114 Many of the earliest settlements in the region started their existence with place names such as Hardscrabble and Starvationnames that were only changed in the nineteenth century as circumstances changed. Melissa A. Tiffany, Diary, 1854, Susquehanna County Historical Society, mentioned attending one tea party; Julietta Stevens, Journal, April 1848April 1853, mentioned attending parties, having boys call for dinner, and visitors over, but did not mention tea. . Read more about Smith being put on trial for cheating Josiah Stowell in Brodie's No Man Knows My History, appendix A. 102. Providence knows bestHe sends to you whatever He wants you to have, and youve got to take it and make the best of it.174. A mob of about 200 armed men stormed the jail in the late afternoon of June 27, 1844, and both Joseph and his brother Hyrum were killed. It was on this largely unimproved farm that Joseph Smith Jr. first met Isaac and Elizabeth Hale. Isaac did not indicate the men stayed at his residence,while in the same affidavit he noted his daughter Emma and her husband Joseph lived with him briefly until they would move out, andresideupon a place near myresidence.280. During the investigation of the murder of Oliver Harper, Isaac Hale was called out of his home one evening barefoot. Had this individual been Joseph Smith Jr., or his father, the Hale family would have known of it and noted it to family members that later recorded affidavits. His father was the leader of a Methodist class in their home.78 Two of young Nathaniels brothersJohn and Levi Lewisjoined several years later and also became heavily involved in Methodism. When the saints were expelled from Illinois in 1846, Emma Smith chose to remain in Nauvoo, encouraging her son Joseph Smith III that he was to be the successor to his father's position as President of the Church. William Cope, a young Quaker from a wealthy family in Philadelphia, came through the neighborhood in 1818 on a tour of the remote country, and he observed, these people do not seem to value the comforts of a good house as persons in a more cultivated country. When Isaac and Elizabeth Hale settled the valley, they had only nominal religious involvement. She gave God glory for his boundless love to sinners.222 As he heard this prayer, the uncle resolved to give up his sins similar to Isaac Hales example a few years earlier. 122. isaac hale father of emma smith - The North Creek Clinic A few visitors from Brigham Young's faction of the Latter-day Saints came from Utah Territory to visit Smith at this house. The Hale family had a 130-acre farm, with orchards of apples and pears, a large garden, and groves of maple trees. Mark Ashurst-McGee argues that as a result of the success Methodism found in America, religious leaders sought to distance it from folk religious practices such as dowsing in order to make themselves socially established. Mark Ashurst-McGee, Zion Rising: Joseph Smiths Early Social and Political Thought (PhD diss., Arizona State University, 2008, 70; see also Marvin Hill, Money-Digging Folklore and the Beginnings of Mormonism: An Interpretive Suggestion,BYU Studies24 (Fall 1984): 48486; and D. Michael Quinn,Early Mormonism and the Magic World View(Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1998), 31. Register of Baptisms, First Presbyterian Church Records, Hallstead, January 11, 1797. The only means of getting from here [at the log church house eight miles downriver from the Hales] was by canoes. It appears the Lewis men sided with the majority of Methodists that disapproved of divining rod use.89 Nathaniel moved to the Susquehanna in autumn 1790, and whatever existed of the Methodists in Middletown where he had lived quickly dissolved so that when Methodist preacher Laban Clark arrived in the town in 1799, the family of a Mr. Timothy Pickering to Rebecca White Pickering, February 21, 1808; Rebecca Pickering to Timothy Pickering Jr. March 27, 1808. John Wesley, the founder of Methodism, had recently coined the phrase, cleanliness is next to Godliness, and his thinking clearly influenced Colbert who frequently used the word filthy in his journal to describe the cabins he saw, the people he met, and the meager food they shared. Willingborough Township, Direct Tax Lists 1798, 4. Comfort wrote, Nathaniel Lewis Jr. [Nathaniel C. Lewis] had his leg broke last spring by the kick of an ox & has had it amputated above the knee. 302. . 25 His new role suggests how much he had become a Ward rather than a Hale in both outlook and position. The first two men to have frame homes built along the east bend of the Susquehanna River were also prominent Quakers who brought their Society of Friends beliefs with them from southern Pennsylvania. He married Elizabeth Lewis on 20 September 1790, in New Hartford, Litchfield, Connecticut, United States. B. Buck to Emily Blackman as cited in Blackman,History of Susquehanna County, 495. See also, Francis Whiting Halsey,The Old New York Frontier(New York: Charles Scribners Sons, 1901), 28. Welch was listed variously as a Lieutenant, Captain, and on his tombstone as a Major. Although Emily Blackman dates construction of the first Pickering home to 1800 (Blackman,History of Susquehanna County,95), Timothy Pickering noted in a letter to one of his sons that it was built in 1801. (Seymour, Conn.: Record Print, 1885), 1:12. Their correspondence reveals not only their difficult circumstances but their commitment to each other. Emma became its founding president,[7] with Sarah M. Cleveland and Elizabeth Ann Whitney as her counselors. Conflicts between church members and neighbors also continued to escalate, and eventually Young made the decision to relocate the church to the Salt Lake Valley. Two days after the babys birth, Colonel Pickerings good friend Alexander Hamilton was killed in his famous duel with Aaron Burr. July 3, 2022 In consider how sergei reacts when yoni comes to the door. Emma wanted William Marks, president of the church's central stake, to assume the church presidency, but Marks favored Sidney Rigdon for the role. These trees can change over time as users edit, remove, or otherwise modify the data in their trees. Thy heart shall rejoice in the great work of the Lord, and no one shall take thy rejoicing from thee. During the Panic of 1837, the Kirtland Safety Society, the banking venture that Joseph and other church leaders had set up to provide financing for the growing membership, collapsed, as did many financial institutions in the United States at that time. : mormon Isaac Hale (1763 - 1839): Father of Joseph Smith's lawful wife, Emma Smith. In a short time they returned, bringing with them a Peter Ingersol, and subsequently came to the conclusion that they would move out, and reside upon a place near my residence. See Land Survey, R. H. Rose Survey Map, Bound Ledger, Rose Family Papers, Binghamton University Libraries Special Collections, Binghamton, New York. 44. Emma served as a scribe during his first efforts to translate the Book of Mormon. Timothy Pickering Letter to John Pickering, Starucca, May 3, 1807, Timothy Pickering Papers, 4:2. Isaac Hale 1763 - 1839 . Richard L. Bushman,The Refinement of America: Persons, Houses, Cities(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992), 115. There would not be a gristmill within twenty miles for another two decades and the family likely ate little grain themselves. Shortly before the Hale family moved from Harmony, provisions were also enacted to tax pleasure carriages and watches, of which they had none. Remains of the stone portion of a stringer fence along the Carmalt eastern property line. Isaac and Elizabeth Hale did not enjoy the same good health as they aged. He was boarded by Isaac while. Anderson,Ancestry and Posterity of Joseph Smith and Emma Hale, 303. PDF AFFIDAVIT OF ISAAC HALE, MARCH 20, 1834 - XMission In 1785, Isaac Hale stepped into the headquarters of the Susquehanna Land Company. David was tall and straight, with eyes bright and brown, and hair dark almost black. He looked much like his sister Emma with whom he had a close relationship. By then, her father had reconciled with her new husband, and Isaac Hale had offered the Smiths a place in the valley. Joseph and Emma first met through Isaac Hales association with Josiah Stowell, a Presbyterian who belonged to the congregation of a close friend of the Hales, and who had come looking for silver in the remains of an Indian village on the neighboring Westfall property. After his mother died and his father remarried, Hale joined his maternal grandparents Phebe and "the enterprising Arah Ward, mill-builder and pioneer," in Waterbury, Connecticut. About this same time, another local citizen, Nathaniel Wood, who lived a little north of the Lewis family, was excluded from the congregational church, apparently because he had gotten up a new system of religious doctrine.81 In the Wood families, and especially in Nathaniel Woods family, were some of the best minds the town ever had.82 And they put their thoughts toward theology. Major Buck still lived in the village July 13, 1787, when William Macclure wrote General James Clinton about a survey of the area and the desire of local men to purchase land nearby, Hinman and Hitt,The Letters and Diaries of William Macclure, 1112. In addition to grieving the loss of her husband, she was expecting their final child. Trial Notes of Scribe A and Trial Notes of Scribe B.. John Comfort, letter to Silas Comfort, January 17, 1840. 69. 65. He was talented, laborious, and had much to do with the planting of Methodism in these parts. Chaffee,History of the Wyoming Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church,48, who wrote after Nathaniel Lewiss death, still referred to him as a local deacon.. The Comforts named their son born May 15, 1811, Isaac Lewis Comfort. She remembers Emma, afterwards the wife of the Prophet, as a handsome and attractive girl, about her own age. Strale,United States Catholic Intelligencer,September 21, 1832, 415. Nelson Wheeler Whipple worked at John Comforts sawmill after Martin Lane purchased it, Anor Whipple, History of Nelson Wheeler Whipple, 18181887,http://clegg-webb.com/Histories/Nelson%20Wheeler%20Whipple%20History.html. They made nose pendants, ear plugs, gorgets, and crucifixes from European silver to adorn themselves and learned to work other metals. When he drew a map of the valley in 1800 it only depicted the frame homes he found there, such as that of Daniel Buck at Painted Rock and John Hilborn at the rivers bend, but not the Hale cabin between those two, or the other log homes of families scattered along the river.148 These backwoodsmen and their families did not receive Pickerings notice for most purposes. Blackman,History of Susquehanna County, 9091, 10304; George Peck,Life and Times,6768; Chaffee,History of the Wyoming Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church,4546; John M. Duncan,Travels Through Part of the United States and Canada in 1818 and 1819(Glasgow: Hurst, Robinson, and Company, 1823), 86, 189; J. M. Skaggs,Prime Cut: Livestock Raising and Meatpacking in the United States 16071983(College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1986), 1314, 1618. 180. Pickering family correspondence notes Lurenas mother lived with her in the Susquehanna Valley but would return to her sons in Vermont when Lurena left for Massachusetts. August 1830, Deed from Isaac and Elizabeth Hale, 25 August 1830, as On September 2, 1831, the Smiths moved into John Johnson's home in Hiram, Ohio. Wilkinson,Annals of Binghamton,34, called it valley of the Susquehanna. And, Chaffee noted of Nathaniel Lewis that the place where he lived was called Susquehanna, Amasa Franklin Chaffee,History of the Wyoming Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church(New York: Eaton & Mains, 1904), 720. Photographs of these headstones are in the authors collection. New Patient Forms; 220. In 1807 Francis Asbury, the first Bishop of the American Methodists, planned a trip through the Susquehanna Valley to follow up on recent conversions by ordaining local preachers, organizing congregations, and leading a large revival. to my great mortification & surprise I find it greately to the contrary. This was the home the Lewis family briefly occupied. Emma and her family remained rich in real estate but poor in capital. (Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1998), 2:132. The Hale family used fine mochaware bowls and mugs that included eye dazzling swirls of green and brown mixed with vibrant oranges, blues, and other colors, as evidence the family could afford the best ceramics available on the market and not just local product. About this time, Martin Harris made his appearance upon the stage; and Smith began to interpret the characters or hieroglyphics which he said were engraven upon the plates, while Harris wrote down the interpretation. Pvt Isaac Hale (1763-1839) - Find a Grave-reminne That fall, Joseph obtained the gold plates and continued his mission of being an instrument in the hands of God in restoring the gospel. Hiland Paul,History of Wells, Vermont for the First Century after its Settlement; with Biographical Sketches by Robert Parks, Esq. Smith stated to me, that he had given up what he called "glass-looking," and that he expected to work hard for a living, and was willing to do so. When the log home was dropped from the tax assessment, Isaac Hale continued to be taxed for a $30 frame home until his death. 202. Isaac Hale, son of Reuben Hale & Diantha Ward, was born Mar. July 4, 2022 . Done to destroy her husbands rod. On January 17, 1827, Joseph and Emma left the Stowell house and traveled to the house of Zachariah Tarbill[12] in South Bainbridge, New York, where they were married the following day. He watched his father bury a kettle of gold but kept it secret for many years.
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